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化学成分

远志远志根含皂甙,水解后得2个皂甙元:远志皂甙元(tenuigenin)A及B,还分离出细叶远志素(tenuifolin)。近又分得7个三萜皂甙:远志皂甙(onjisaponin)A、B、C、D、E、F、G,还分得5个酚性糖甙:远志糖甙(tenuifoliside)A、B、C、D,以及β-D-(3-O-芥子酰)-呋喃果糖基-a-D-(6-O-芥子酰)-吡喃葡萄糖甙[β-D-(3-O-sinapoyl)-fructofuranosyl-2-D-(6-O-sinapoyl)-glucopyranoside]。另分得 6个寡糖:远志寡精(tenuifoliose)A、B、C、D、E、F。又含呫吨酮化合物:6-羟基-1,2,3,7-四甲氧基呫吨酮(6-hydroxy-1,2,3,7-tetramethoxyxanthone),1,2,3,7-四甲氧基呫吨酮(1,2,3,7-tetramethoxyxanthone),1,2,3,6,7-五申氧基呫吨酮(1,2,3,6,7-pentamethoxyxanthone),1,7-二羟基呫吨酮(1,7-dihydroxyxanthone),1,7-二甲氧基呫吨酮(1,7-dimethoxyxanthone),1,7-二羟基-2,3-二甲氧基呫吨酮(1,7-dihydroxy-2,3-dimethoxyxanthone),1-羟基-3,7-二甲氧基呫吨酮(1-hydroxy-3, 7-dimethoxyxanthone),1,7-二甲氧基-2,3-亚甲二氧基呫吨酮(1,7-dimethoxy-2,3-methylenedioxy-xanthone), 远志呫吨酮(onjixanthone)Ⅰ及Ⅱ,1,6-二羟基-3,7-二甲氧基呫吨酮(1,6-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyxanthone),1,7-二羟基-3-甲氧基呫吨酮(1,7-dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone),1,6二羟基-3,5,7-三甲氧基呫吨酮(1,6-dihydroxy-3,5,7-trimethoxyxanthone),1-羟基-3,6,7-三甲氧基呫吨酮(1-hy-droxy-3,6,7-trimethoxyxanthone),1,3,6-三羟基-2,7-二甲氧基呫吨酮(1,3,6-trihydroxy-2,7-dimethoxyxanthone)。还含3,4,5-三甲氧基桂皮酸(3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamio acid),远志醇(polygalitol),N-乙酸基葡萄糖胺(N-acetylglucosamine),细叶远志定碱(tenuidine)。

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